The Mediterranean Basin, from the analysis of its multiple aspects, is a tangle of problems, which begins with its physical-biological specificity, to end in the "natural" conflict of the relationship between economies and the environment. Calabria as a center of gravity is conducted in relation to the degree of functionality and potential of its environmental system: focusing attention on fragile systems, important links for understanding the whole and the meaning of the transformations taking place; highlighting phenomena of stimulation or limitation of SVS; initiating reflections on emerging problems and trends; providing tools for orientation to local policies. The fields of interest of a geographical analysis, in a systemic relationship with territorialization processes and functional to actions of recovery, enhancement, use and good practices, are aimed at methods and operational procedures suitable for identification of structures and functions, determined by landscape limits and determining the landscape units, on a diachronic and synchronic scale and on a rationalist basis. In analyzing the Mediterranean landscape, as a result of the anthropic processes that have transformed the coastal strip through the interaction of continuous and intense economic and social relations, different areas and uses can be identified in the literature. land use, summarized in a city that demands environment and a countryside that substantially adapts by changing functions, sees as the only certainty the same city that cannot exist without a countryside that, with little consideration, goes beyond the functions, as well as the city does with spaces. A campaign that in Italy is not unitary, unlike the contemporary urbanization. but made up of many and for many realities, all unconsciously driving the economy of the Italian system, through an agriculture that has given many answers, without asking all the secondary and tertiary questions. Today enormous conflicts converge on agriculture: hybrid landscapes, problems of limits and borders, opposing multifunctional functions, new and old identities and problems of transcalarity. The world population is now asking for a 70% increase in productivity, while investments by international financial organizations are at their lowest historical levels, although the primary sector remains the most incentivized. direction of solving the problem upstream, the conceptual node of the discourse is the right of access to the soil, therefore to produce food, we think of land grabbing, that is the subtraction of land in Africa, but we also think of the soil subtracted from the production of agrofuels, or other forms of alternative energy. Processes that, in addition to reducing production, destabilize markets, since conventional agriculture requires large numbers and price competitiveness, is less resistant to climate shocks and produces poverty and conflicts, towards which access to land is the best "safety net". The rural world has almost always been part of the "strategy of others", it is now necessary to think of its own, gradually overcoming the old way of operating, it is clear that it is more complicated for developed countries take a step back towards the future, which for developing countries to take different paths from ours. The strategic importance and the development dynamics dictated by the European Union, together with globalization, shift the focus on ever new structures and functions and on their systemic relationships, within a hydrographic basin with the environmental conditions of the Mediterranean, where three continents converge, an economic North-South and a political East-West, determining the systematic nature of an ever new man-environment relationship and imposing the search for a sustainable equilibrium point, on a local and global scale, between the use of resources and factors high-impact settlement-production areas Awareness of critical conditions, in particular of the coastal strip on both shores, and the need to improve its use impose the need for its integrated management, oriented both to economic activities and to maintenance of the ecosystem services of the different environments of the Basin. The eco-systemic approach, in fact, is able to grasp, at a spatial and temporal scale, the dynamics that make the Mediterranean Basin a complex system of complex systems and to know processes and functions of greater interest and relevance for an eco-compatible development of the area.
Il Bacino Mediterraneo, dall’analisi dei suoi molteplici aspetti, è un groviglio di problemi, che inizia con la sua specificità fisico-biologica, per concludersi nella “naturale” conflittualità del rapporto tra economie e ambiente .Lo studio del paesaggio Mediterraneo, con la Calabria quale baricentro, è condotto in relazione al grado di funzionalità e potenzialità del suo sistema ambiente: focalizzando l’attenzione su sistemi fragili, maglie importanti per comprendere l’insieme e il significato delle trasformazioni in atto; evidenziando fenomeni di stimolo o limitazione dello SVS; avviando riflessioni su problematiche e tendenze emergenti; fornendo strumenti di orientamento alle politiche locali.I campi d'interesse di un’analisi geografica, in relazione sistemica con processi di territorializzazione e funzionale ad azioni di recupero, valorizzazione, fruizione e buone pratiche, sono rivolti a metodi e procedure operative atte all’identificazione di strutture e funzioni, determinate da limiti paesaggistici e determinanti le unità di paesaggio, a scala diacronica e sincronica e a base razionalista. Nell’analizzare il paesaggio mediterraneo, come esito dei processi antropici che hanno trasformato la fascia costiera attraverso l'interazione di continue ed intense relazioni economiche e sociali, si possono individuare in letteratura diversi ambiti e diversi usi.I rapporti tra le diverse destinazioni d’uso del suolo, riassumibili in una città che domanda ambiente e una campagna che sostanzialmente si adegua cambiando le funzioni, vede come unica certezza la stessa città che non può esistere senza una campagna che, con pur poca considerazione, travalica nelle funzioni, così come la città fa con gli spazi. Una campagna che in Italia non è unitaria, al contrario dell’urbanizzato contemporaneo. ma fatta da tante e per molte realtà, tutte inconsciamente trainanti l’economia del sistema Italia, attraverso un’agricoltura che ha dato tante risposte, senza porre tutte le domande di secondario e terziario. Sull’agricoltura convergono oggi conflitti enormi: paesaggi ibridi, problemi di limiti e confini, multifunzioni contrapposte, nuove e vecchie identità e problemi di trascalarità. La popolazione mondiale chiede oggi un aumento della produttività del 70%, mentre gli investimenti da parte degli organismi finanziari internazionali toccano i livelli storici più bassi, sebbene il settore primario rimane quello più incentivato.Rispetto al diritto umano al cibo, facendo un passo indietro nella direzione del risolvere il problema a monte, il nodo concettuale del discorso è il diritto di accesso al suolo, quindi a produrre cibo, pensiamo alla land grabbing, ossia la sottrazione di terra in Africa, ma pensiamo anche al suolo sottratto dalla produzione di agrocarburanti, o altre forme di energie alternative. Processi che, oltre a ridurre la produzione, destabilizzano i mercati, poiché l’agricoltura convenzionale necessita di grandi numeri e di competitività nei prezzi, è meno resistente agli shock climatici e produce povertà e conflitti, nei confronti dei quali l’accesso alla terra è la migliore “rete di sicurezza”.Il mondo rurale è quasi sempre stato parte della “strategia degli altri”, è ora necessario che ne pensi una propria, superando gradualmente il vecchio modo di operare, è chiaro che è più complicato per i Paesi SViluppati fare un passo indietro verso il futuro, che per i Paesi in Via di Sviluppo prendere strade diverse dalle nostre. L’importanza strategica e le dinamiche di sviluppo dettate dall’Unione Europea, insieme alla globalizzazione, spostano l’attenzione su sempre nuove strutture e funzioni e sulle loro relazioni sistemiche, all’interno di un bacino idrografico con le condizioni ambientali del Mediterraneo, dove convergono tre continenti, un Nord-Sud economico ed un Oriente-Occidente politico, determinando la sistematicità di un sempre nuovo rapporto uomo-ambiente ed imponendo la ricerca di un punto di equilibrio sostenibile, a scala locale e globale, tra uso delle risorse e fattori insediativo-produttivi a forte impatto.La consapevolezza delle condizioni di criticità, in particolare della fascia costiera su entrambe le rive, e la necessità di migliorarne l’utilizzo impongono l’esigenza di una sua gestione integrata, orientata sia alle attività economiche, sia al mantenimento dei servizi ecosistemici dei diversi ambienti del Bacino. L’approccio eco-sistemico, infatti, è in grado di cogliere, a scala spaziale e temporale, le dinamiche che rendono il Bacino del Mediterraneo sistema complesso di sistemi complessi e conoscerne processi e funzioni di maggiore interesse e rilevanza per uno sviluppo ecocompatibile della fascia costiera e non solo.
Criticità ambientali e mitigazione del rischio per uno sviluppo sostenibile: il disegno del paesaggio Mediterraneo
RONCONI, Maria Luisa
2013-01-01
Abstract
The Mediterranean Basin, from the analysis of its multiple aspects, is a tangle of problems, which begins with its physical-biological specificity, to end in the "natural" conflict of the relationship between economies and the environment. Calabria as a center of gravity is conducted in relation to the degree of functionality and potential of its environmental system: focusing attention on fragile systems, important links for understanding the whole and the meaning of the transformations taking place; highlighting phenomena of stimulation or limitation of SVS; initiating reflections on emerging problems and trends; providing tools for orientation to local policies. The fields of interest of a geographical analysis, in a systemic relationship with territorialization processes and functional to actions of recovery, enhancement, use and good practices, are aimed at methods and operational procedures suitable for identification of structures and functions, determined by landscape limits and determining the landscape units, on a diachronic and synchronic scale and on a rationalist basis. In analyzing the Mediterranean landscape, as a result of the anthropic processes that have transformed the coastal strip through the interaction of continuous and intense economic and social relations, different areas and uses can be identified in the literature. land use, summarized in a city that demands environment and a countryside that substantially adapts by changing functions, sees as the only certainty the same city that cannot exist without a countryside that, with little consideration, goes beyond the functions, as well as the city does with spaces. A campaign that in Italy is not unitary, unlike the contemporary urbanization. but made up of many and for many realities, all unconsciously driving the economy of the Italian system, through an agriculture that has given many answers, without asking all the secondary and tertiary questions. Today enormous conflicts converge on agriculture: hybrid landscapes, problems of limits and borders, opposing multifunctional functions, new and old identities and problems of transcalarity. The world population is now asking for a 70% increase in productivity, while investments by international financial organizations are at their lowest historical levels, although the primary sector remains the most incentivized. direction of solving the problem upstream, the conceptual node of the discourse is the right of access to the soil, therefore to produce food, we think of land grabbing, that is the subtraction of land in Africa, but we also think of the soil subtracted from the production of agrofuels, or other forms of alternative energy. Processes that, in addition to reducing production, destabilize markets, since conventional agriculture requires large numbers and price competitiveness, is less resistant to climate shocks and produces poverty and conflicts, towards which access to land is the best "safety net". The rural world has almost always been part of the "strategy of others", it is now necessary to think of its own, gradually overcoming the old way of operating, it is clear that it is more complicated for developed countries take a step back towards the future, which for developing countries to take different paths from ours. The strategic importance and the development dynamics dictated by the European Union, together with globalization, shift the focus on ever new structures and functions and on their systemic relationships, within a hydrographic basin with the environmental conditions of the Mediterranean, where three continents converge, an economic North-South and a political East-West, determining the systematic nature of an ever new man-environment relationship and imposing the search for a sustainable equilibrium point, on a local and global scale, between the use of resources and factors high-impact settlement-production areas Awareness of critical conditions, in particular of the coastal strip on both shores, and the need to improve its use impose the need for its integrated management, oriented both to economic activities and to maintenance of the ecosystem services of the different environments of the Basin. The eco-systemic approach, in fact, is able to grasp, at a spatial and temporal scale, the dynamics that make the Mediterranean Basin a complex system of complex systems and to know processes and functions of greater interest and relevance for an eco-compatible development of the area.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.