Nanoparticles as a Smart Technology for Remediation

In recent years, engineered nanomaterials have gained significant attention in remediation processes for their ability to adsorb, degrade, and remove pollutants from environmental media. In this chapter we report recent progresses in remediation by nanomaterials describing synthesis and properties of different classes of nanoparticles. The main physical-chemical principles and advantages of using nanoparticles in remediation of wastewaters contaminated by dyes, heavy metals, and organic pollutants are discussed. Special attention is given to the modification of nanoparticles surface properties in order to increase efficiency and selectivity. Advances in some particular nanosystems and perspectives on environment and health impacts by a massive use of nanodevices are reported.