Interaction between a Wind-PV-Battery-Heat Pump Trigeneration System and Office Building Electric Energy Demand Including Vehicle Charging

The increasingly electric energy demand, owing to the widespread of use heat pumps and electric vehicles in urban contexts, in the next few years will require a strong employment of renewable energy systems and appropriate storage systems. The coupling of more renewable systems with storage systems allows mitigation of the high uncertainty and intermittence of the renewable resources and, therefore, the achievement of greater reliability in satisfying the load and reducing energy in excess. This work presents a dynamic and energy reliability analysis of a renewable hybrid trigeneration system (RHTS) consisting of a photovoltaic generator, a wind micro-generator and an electric storage battery (electric renewable hybrid system ERHS) used to supply a heat pump, electric office devices, and an electric vehicle charging station. The heat pump is employed for heating and cooling air-conditioning of an office building environment. The RHTS and subsystem grid-connected ERHS considered are employed to satisfy the reference office building energy demand in a Mediterranean area. The dynamic simulation results are employed to study the dynamic interaction between the ERHS with the three electric loads in different characteristic weeks. Different indices are defined and evaluated, in the absence and presence of a battery storage system, to identify the most contemporary load compared with the renewable sources availability and to determine the system energy reliability.