Autonomic Faulty Node Replacement in UAV-Assisted Wireless Sensor Networks: A Test-bed

Several use-cases of the Internet of Things (IoT) rely on the development of large-scale Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in harsh environments characterized by limited Internet connectivity and battery-powered operations. In such scenarios, the failure of a single node due to energy depletion or hardware issues may cause network partitions and disrupt partially or completely the system operations until the intervention of a human operator. In this paper, we investigate the usage of Unmanned Aerial Networks (UAVs) to enable sensory data collection and support resilient communications in presence of faulty sensor nodes. More specifically, we study the possibility of replacing the ground devices with UAVs which are able to temporarily restore the multi-hop communication towards the WSN sink. To this aim, we extended the Uhura framework, a platform for robotic networking, with novel features for automatic network partition detection and UAV-sink coordination. Then, we created a small test-bed composed of a Bluetooth Mesh WSN and one drone, and characterized the performance of the UAV-assisted WSN system in terms of packet delivery ratio of the end-to-end data flows.