Climate Variability and Food Security in South Asia: Policy Mechanisms for Climate Adaptation

The study examines the impact of climate variability on food security in South Asia by focusing on climate change factors such as temperature and precipitation variability, and evaluates the extent to which agricultural R&D and renewable energy consumption act as effective policy instruments for mitigating climate-induced food insecurity. Using evidence from the most climate-vulnerable South Asian countries, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Pakistan, the analysis assesses both short- and long-run effects of climate variability, investigating whether investments in agricultural R&D and increased renewable energy consumption can moderate these effects over time.