La negoziazione delle politiche sociali e del lavoro in Calabria

The article aims to contribute to the sociological debate on recent transformationsin regulation processes of labour and social policies at territorial level in a SouthernItalian region. In recent years, the new models of government are characterized by a lowerhierarchical control as well as by a greater involvement of private actors. In addition,local dimension achieved more and more importance and it becomes the place wheredealing with and solving the problems of citizens. In this scenario it emerges as innovativeand relevant the role, as «civic entrepreneurs», played by trade unions, employers’organizations that, throughout different modalities and practices, realize and implementinitiatives directed to integrate schemes, programs and services delivered by the State.Thus, the social dialogue among public institutions, social parties and civil societyorganizations represent a great opportunity to promote the economic growth, socialcohesion and the sustainability of development processes. This is particularly significantin areas that, like Calabria, still present strong economic and social gaps as opposed toother Italian regions. The aim is to understand the ongoing processes at local level, thechanges in the role of the main actors and the new governance, what are the outcomesin terms of policies, practices and strategies adopted by both public and private actorsin order to face the new challenges and risks raised by the economic and financial crisisthat strengthened the gaps as well as increased inequalities among the Italian regions.

Il paper si propone di entrare nel merito del dibattito sociologico sulle trasformazioni recenti nei processi di regolazione delle politiche sociali e del lavoro a livello territoriale in una realtà del variegato universo denominato Mezzogiorno: la Calabria. Attraverso la ricerca sul campo, l’analisi dei dati e le interviste agli esponenti del sindacato, degli enti e delle istituzioni locali, si ricostruire per la regione il quadro degli accordi, delle politiche attive e passive, le risorse utilizzate, i risultati della loro implementazione, le forme e le modalità della governance guardando, in particolare, al ruolo delle istituzioni e del sindacato.