Vibration control by damped braces of fire-damaged steel structures subjected to wind and seismic loads

The aim of the present work is to evaluate the effectiveness of viscoelastic-damped braces (VEDBs) to improve the wind and earthquake responses of fire-damaged steel framed buildings, where a significant reduction of stiffness and strength properties of the structural elements following exposure to fire is highlighted. To this end, a ten-storey steel office building, designed for a low-risk zone under the former Italian seismic code and in line with Eurocodes 1 and 3, is considered as test structure. The dynamic response of the test structure in a no fire situation is compared with what would happen in the event of three fire scenarios, on the assumption that the fire compartment with a uniform temperature is confined to the area of the first (i.e. F1), fifth (i.e. F5) and tenth (i.e. F10) level, with the parametric temperature-time fire curve evaluated in line with Eurocode 1. Two retrofitting structural solutions are examined to upgrade the fire damaged test structures, by inserting diagonal steel braces with or without viscoelastic dampers. Frame members are idealized by a bilinear model, which allows the simulation of the nonlinear behavior under seismic loads, while an elastic linear law is considered for diagonal braces. Finally, viscoelastic dampers are idealized by means of a frequency-dependent model