Small size single-axis PV trackers: control strategies and system layout for energy optimization

Solar tracking allows the increment of the electric production of photovoltaic modules; single-tracker systems can increase the collected solar radiation by 30% more than traditional fixed devices. Usually, mechanical movement systems are energy intensive and require periodic maintenance, with correspondent higher investment costs compared to traditional fixed plants. In this paper, particular single-tracking PV modules with reduced width and weight moved by low power actuators, are considered. Two different control strategies concerning the rotation angle of modules around a horizontal tilted axis, have been investigated. With reference to typical climatic data of south Italy, the problem of the modules self-shading has been analysed by evaluating the optimal layout of the whole system in order to optimize energy production.