Review on microstructural and ion-conductivity properties of biodegradable starch-based solid polymer electrolyte membranes

Currently, scientific developments in both the academic and industrial research communities are giving much attention towards the development of green chemistry secondary ion batteries with safety attributes. Biodegradable starch polymer-based electrolyte systems doped with different inorganic salts are gaining much attention owing to their intriguing and non-toxic nature. In this context, several research approaches have been identified for the improvement of lithium-ion conductivities at ambient temperatures, thermal and mechanical properties of starch polymer-based electrolytes. The present review provides consolidated information on chronological developments in the fabrication of different types of starch-based electrolytes (i.e., pure, blend, plasticized, and nanocomposites) and discusses microstructural, thermal, mechanical, and lithium-ion conductivity properties given lithium-ion batteries. Among all types, ionic liquids doped starch-based electrolytes demonstrated appreciable room temperature Li-ion conductivities. In parallel, a comparative study on Na+, K+, NH4 +, Ag+, andMg2+ – ions conductivities in starch-based electrolytes is presented to emphasize the further research scope on the development of novel secondary ion batteries in complementing with lithium-ion batteries.