Measurements of Proton High-Order Cumulants in 
sqrt(s_NN)=3  GeV Au+Au Collisions and Implications for the QCD Critical Point

Abdallah, M.  S.; Aboona, B.  E.; Adam, J.; Adamczyk, L.; Adams, J.  R.; Adkins, J.  K.; Agakishiev, G.; Aggarwal, I.; Aggarwal, M.  M.; Ahammed, Z.; Alekseev, I.; Anderson, D.  M.; Aparin, A.; Aschenauer, E.  C.; Ashraf, M.  U.; Atetalla, F.  G.; Attri, A.; Averichev, G.  S.; Bairathi, V.; Baker, W.; Ball Cap, J.  G.; Barish, K.; Behera, A.; Bellwied, R.; Bhagat, P.; Bhasin, A.; Bielcik, J.; Bielcikova, J.; Bordyuzhin, I.  G.; Brandenburg, J.  D.; Brandin, A.  V.; Bunzarov, I.; Cai, X.  Z.; Caines, H.; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M.; Cebra, D.; Chakaberia, I.; Chaloupka, P.; Chan, B.  K.; Chang, F-H.; Chang, Z.; Chankova-Bunzarova, N.; Chatterjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chen, D.; Chen, J.; Chen, J.  H.; Chen, X.; Chen, Z.; Cheng, J.; Chevalier, M.; Choudhury, S.; Christie, W.; Chu, X.; Crawford, H.  J.; Csanád, M.; Daugherity, M.; Dedovich, T.  G.; Deppner, I.  M.; Derevschikov, A.  A.; Dhamija, A.; Di Carlo, L.; Didenko, L.; Dixit, P.; Dong, X.; Drachenberg, J.  L.; Duckworth, E.; Dunlop, J.  C.; Elsey, N.; Engelage, J.; Eppley, G.; Esumi, S.; Evdokimov, O.; Ewigleben, A.; Eyser, O.; Fatemi, R.; Fawzi, F.  M.; Fazio, S.; Federic, P.; Fedorisin, J.; Feng, C.  J.; Feng, Y.; Filip, P.; Finch, E.; Fisyak, Y.; Francisco, A.; Fu, C.; Fulek, L.; Gagliardi, C.  A.; Galatyuk, T.; Geurts, F.; Ghimire, N.; Gibson, A.; Gopal, K.; Gou, X.; Grosnick, D.; Gupta, A.; Guryn, W.; Hamad, A.  I.; Hamed, A.; Han, Y.; Harabasz, S.; Harasty, M.  D.; Harris, J.  W.; Harrison, H.; He, S.; He, W.; X.  H., He; He, Y.; Heppelmann, S.; Heppelmann, S.; Herrmann, N.; Hoffman, E.; Holub, L.; Hu, Y.; Huang, H.; Huang, H.  Z.; Huang, S.  L.; Huang, T.; Huang, X.; Huang, Y.; Humanic, T.  J.; Igo, G.; Isenhower, D.; Jacobs, W.  W.; Jena, C.; Jentsch, A.; Ji, Y.; Jia, J.; Jiang, K.; Ju, X.; Judd, E.  G.; Kabana, S.; Kabir, M.  L.; Kagamaster, S.; Kalinkin, D.; Kang, K.; Kapukchyan, D.; Kauder, K.; H.  W., Ke; Keane, D.; Kechechyan, A.; Kelsey, M.; Khyzhniak, Y.  V.; Kikoła, D.  P.; Kim, C.; Kimelman, B.; Kincses, D.; Kisel, I.; Kiselev, A.; Knospe, A.  G.; H.  S., Ko; Kochenda, L.; Kosarzewski, L.  K.; Kramarik, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Kumar, L.; Kumar, S.; Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, R.; Kwasizur, J.  H.; Lacey, R.; Lan, S.; Landgraf, J.  M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lednicky, R.; Lee, J.  H.; Leung, Y.  H.; Lewis, N.; Li, C.; Li, C.; Li, W.; Li, X.; Li, Y.; Liang, X.; Liang, Y.; Licenik, R.; Lin, T.; Lin, Y.; Lisa, M.  A.; Liu, F.; Liu, H.; Liu, H.; Liu, P.; Liu, T.; Liu, X.; Liu, Y.; Liu, Z.; Ljubicic, T.; Llope, W.  J.; Longacre, R.  S.; Loyd, E.; Lukow, N.  S.; Luo, X.  F.; Ma, L.; Ma, R.; Y.  G., Ma; Magdy, N.; Mallick, D.; Margetis, S.; Markert, C.; Matis, H.  S.; Mazer, J.  A.; Minaev, N.  G.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M.  M.; Mooney, I.; Morozov, D.  A.; Mukherjee, A.; Nagy, M.; Nam, J.  D.; Nasim, Md.; Nayak, K.; Neff, D.; Nelson, J.  M.; Nemes, D.  B.; Nie, M.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Niida, T.; Nishitani, R.; Nogach, L.  V.; Nonaka, T.; Nunes, A.  S.; Odyniec, G.; Ogawa, A.; Oh, S.; Okorokov, V.  A.; Page, B.  S.; Pak, R.; Pan, J.; Pandav, A.; Pandey, A.  K.; Panebratsev, Y.; Parfenov, P.; Pawlik, B.; Pawlowska, D.; Perkins, C.; Pinsky, L.; Pluta, J.; Pokhrel, B.  R.; Ponimatkin, G.; Porter, J.; Posik, M.; Prozorova, V.; Pruthi, N.  K.; Przybycien, M.; Putschke, J.; Qiu, H.; Quintero, A.; Racz, C.; Radhakrishnan, S.  K.; Raha, N.; Ray, R.  L.; Reed, R.; Ritter, H.  G.; Robotkova, M.; Rogachevskiy, O.  V.; Romero, J.  L.; Roy, D.; Ruan, L.; Rusnak, J.; Sahoo, A.  K.; Sahoo, N.  R.; Sako, H.; Salur, S.; Sandweiss, J.; Sato, S.; Schmidke, W.  B.; Schmitz, N.; Schweid, B.  R.; Seck, F.; Seger, J.; Sergeeva, M.; Seto, R.; Seyboth, P.; Shah, N.; Shahaliev, E.; Shanmuganathan, P.  V.; Shao, M.; Shao, T.; Sheikh, A.  I.; Shen, D.  Y.; Shi, S.  S.; Shi, Y.; Shou, Q.  Y.; Sichtermann, E.  P.; Sikora, R.; Simko, M.; Singh, J.; Singha, S.; Skoby, M.  J.; Smirnov, N.; Söhngen, Y.; Solyst, W.; Song, Y.; Sorensen, P.; Spinka, H.  M.; Srivastava, B.; Stanislaus, T.  D.  S.; Stefaniak, M.; Stewart, D.  J.; Strikhanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Suaide, A.  A.  P.; Sumbera, M.; Summa, B.; Sun, X.  M.; Sun, X.; Sun, Y.; Sun, Y.; Surrow, B.; Svirida, D.  N.; Sweger, Z.  W.; Szymanski, P.; Tang, A.  H.; Tang, Z.; Taranenko, A.; Tarnowsky, T.; Thomas, J.  H.; Timmins, A.  R.; Tlusty, D.; Todoroki, T.; Tokarev, M.; Tomkiel, C.  A.; Trentalange, S.; Tribble, R.  E.; Tribedy, P.; Tripathy, S.  K.; Truhlar, T.; Trzeciak, B.  A.; Tsai, O.  D.; Tu, Z.; Ullrich, T.; Underwood, D.  G.; Upsal, I.; Van Buren, G.; Vanek, J.; Vasiliev, A.  N.; Vassiliev, I.; Verkest, V.; Videbæk, F.; Vokal, S.; Voloshin, S.  A.; Wang, F.; Wang, G.; Wang, J.  S.; Wang, P.; Wang, X.; Wang, Y.; Wang, Y.; Wang, Z.; Webb, J.  C.; Weidenkaff, P.  C.; Wen, L.; Westfall, G.  D.; Wieman, H.; Wissink, S.  W.; Witt, R.; Wu, J.; Wu, J.; Wu, Y.; Xi, B.; Xiao, Z.  G.; Xie, G.; Xie, W.; Xu, H.; Xu, N.; Q.  H., Xu; Xu, Y.; Xu, Z.; Xu, Z.; Yan, G.; Yang, C.; Yang, Q.; Yang, S.; Yang, Y.; Ye, Z.; Ye, Z.; Yi, L.; Yip, K.; Yu, Y.; Zbroszczyk, H.; Zha, W.; Zhang, C.; Zhang, D.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, X.  P.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Z.  J.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, Z.; Zhao, J.; Zhou, C.; Zhou, Y.; Zhu, X.; Zurek, M.; Zyzak, M.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.202303

We report cumulants of the proton multiplicity distribution from dedicated fixed-target Au+Au collisions at sNN=3.0 GeV, measured by the STAR experiment in the kinematic acceptance of rapidity (y) and transverse momentum (pT) within -0.5<0 and 0.4<2.0 GeV/c. In the most central 0%–5% collisions, a proton cumulant ratio is measured to be C4/C2=-0.85±0.09 (stat)±0.82 (syst), which is 2σ below the Poisson baseline with respect to both the statistical and systematic uncertainties. The hadronic transport UrQMD model reproduces our C4/C2 in the measured acceptance. Compared to higher energy results and the transport model calculations, the suppression in C4/C2 is consistent with fluctuations driven by baryon number conservation and indicates an energy regime dominated by hadronic interactions. These data imply that the QCD critical region, if created in heavy-ion collisions, could only exist at energies higher than 3 GeV.

Measurements of Proton High-Order Cumulants in sqrt(s_NN)=3 GeV Au+Au Collisions and Implications for the QCD Critical Point

Abdallah, M. S.;Aboona, B. E.;Adam, J.;Adamczyk, L.;Adams, J. R.;Adkins, J. K.;Agakishiev, G.;Aggarwal, I.;Aggarwal, M. M.;Ahammed, Z.;Alekseev, I.;Anderson, D. M.;Aparin, A.;Aschenauer, E. C.;Ashraf, M. U.;Atetalla, F. G.;Attri, A.;Averichev, G. S.;Bairathi, V.;Baker, W.;Ball Cap, J. G.;Barish, K.;Behera, A.;Bellwied, R.;Bhagat, P.;Bhasin, A.;Bielcik, J.;Bielcikova, J.;Bordyuzhin, I. G.;Brandenburg, J. D.;Brandin, A. V.;Bunzarov, I.;Cai, X. Z.;Caines, H.;Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M.;Cebra, D.;Chakaberia, I.;Chaloupka, P.;Chan, B. K.;Chang, F-H.;Chang, Z.;Chankova-Bunzarova, N.;Chatterjee, A.;Chattopadhyay, S.;Chen, D.;Chen, J.;Chen, J. H.;Chen, X.;Chen, Z.;Cheng, J.;Chevalier, M.;Choudhury, S.;Christie, W.;Chu, X.;Crawford, H. J.;Csanád, M.;Daugherity, M.;Dedovich, T. G.;Deppner, I. M.;Derevschikov, A. A.;Dhamija, A.;Di Carlo, L.;Didenko, L.;Dixit, P.;Dong, X.;Drachenberg, J. L.;Duckworth, E.;Dunlop, J. C.;Elsey, N.;Engelage, J.;Eppley, G.;Esumi, S.;Evdokimov, O.;Ewigleben, A.;Eyser, O.;Fatemi, R.;Fawzi, F. M.;Fazio, S.^{Membro del Collaboration Group};Federic, P.;Fedorisin, J.;Feng, C. J.;Feng, Y.;Filip, P.;Finch, E.;Fisyak, Y.;Francisco, A.;Fu, C.;Fulek, L.;Gagliardi, C. A.;Galatyuk, T.;Geurts, F.;Ghimire, N.;Gibson, A.;Gopal, K.;Gou, X.;Grosnick, D.;Gupta, A.;Guryn, W.;Hamad, A. I.;Hamed, A.;Han, Y.;Harabasz, S.;Harasty, M. D.;Harris, J. W.;Harrison, H.;He, S.;He, W.;He, X. H.;He, Y.;Heppelmann, S.;Heppelmann, S.;Herrmann, N.;Hoffman, E.;Holub, L.;Hu, Y.;Huang, H.;Huang, H. Z.;Huang, S. L.;Huang, T.;Huang, X.;Huang, Y.;Humanic, T. J.;Igo, G.;Isenhower, D.;Jacobs, W. W.;Jena, C.;Jentsch, A.;Ji, Y.;Jia, J.;Jiang, K.;Ju, X.;Judd, E. G.;Kabana, S.;Kabir, M. L.;Kagamaster, S.;Kalinkin, D.;Kang, K.;Kapukchyan, D.;Kauder, K.;Ke, H. W.;Keane, D.;Kechechyan, A.;Kelsey, M.;Khyzhniak, Y. V.;Kikoła, D. P.;Kim, C.;Kimelman, B.;Kincses, D.;Kisel, I.;Kiselev, A.;Knospe, A. G.;Ko, H. S.;Kochenda, L.;Kosarzewski, L. K.;Kramarik, L.;Kravtsov, P.;Kumar, L.;Kumar, S.;Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, R.;Kwasizur, J. H.;Lacey, R.;Lan, S.;Landgraf, J. M.;Lauret, J.;Lebedev, A.;Lednicky, R.;Lee, J. H.;Leung, Y. H.;Lewis, N.;Li, C.;Li, C.;Li, W.;Li, X.;Li, Y.;Liang, X.;Liang, Y.;Licenik, R.;Lin, T.;Lin, Y.;Lisa, M. A.;Liu, F.;Liu, H.;Liu, H.;Liu, P.;Liu, T.;Liu, X.;Liu, Y.;Liu, Z.;Ljubicic, T.;Llope, W. J.;Longacre, R. S.;Loyd, E.;Lukow, N. S.;Luo, X. F.;Ma, L.;Ma, R.;Ma, Y. G.;Magdy, N.;Mallick, D.;Margetis, S.;Markert, C.;Matis, H. S.;Mazer, J. A.;Minaev, N. G.;Mioduszewski, S.;Mohanty, B.;Mondal, M. M.;Mooney, I.;Morozov, D. A.;Mukherjee, A.;Nagy, M.;Nam, J. D.;Nasim, Md.;Nayak, K.;Neff, D.;Nelson, J. M.;Nemes, D. B.;Nie, M.;Nigmatkulov, G.;Niida, T.;Nishitani, R.;Nogach, L. V.;Nonaka, T.;Nunes, A. S.;Odyniec, G.;Ogawa, A.;Oh, S.;Okorokov, V. A.;Page, B. S.;Pak, R.;Pan, J.;Pandav, A.;Pandey, A. K.;Panebratsev, Y.;Parfenov, P.;Pawlik, B.;Pawlowska, D.;Perkins, C.;Pinsky, L.;Pluta, J.;Pokhrel, B. R.;Ponimatkin, G.;Porter, J.;Posik, M.;Prozorova, V.;Pruthi, N. K.;Przybycien, M.;Putschke, J.;Qiu, H.;Quintero, A.;Racz, C.;Radhakrishnan, S. K.;Raha, N.;Ray, R. L.;Reed, R.;Ritter, H. G.;Robotkova, M.;Rogachevskiy, O. V.;Romero, J. L.;Roy, D.;Ruan, L.;Rusnak, J.;Sahoo, A. K.;Sahoo, N. R.;Sako, H.;Salur, S.;Sandweiss, J.;Sato, S.;Schmidke, W. B.;Schmitz, N.;Schweid, B. R.;Seck, F.;Seger, J.;Sergeeva, M.;Seto, R.;Seyboth, P.;Shah, N.;Shahaliev, E.;Shanmuganathan, P. V.;Shao, M.;Shao, T.;Sheikh, A. I.;Shen, D. Y.;Shi, S. S.;Shi, Y.;Shou, Q. Y.;Sichtermann, E. P.;Sikora, R.;Simko, M.;Singh, J.;Singha, S.;Skoby, M. J.;Smirnov, N.;Söhngen, Y.;Solyst, W.;Song, Y.;Sorensen, P.;Spinka, H. M.;Srivastava, B.;Stanislaus, T. D. S.;Stefaniak, M.;Stewart, D. J.;Strikhanov, M.;Stringfellow, B.;Suaide, A. A. P.;Sumbera, M.;Summa, B.;Sun, X. M.;Sun, X.;Sun, Y.;Sun, Y.;Surrow, B.;Svirida, D. N.;Sweger, Z. W.;Szymanski, P.;Tang, A. H.;Tang, Z.;Taranenko, A.;Tarnowsky, T.;Thomas, J. H.;Timmins, A. R.;Tlusty, D.;Todoroki, T.;Tokarev, M.;Tomkiel, C. A.;Trentalange, S.;Tribble, R. E.;Tribedy, P.;Tripathy, S. K.;Truhlar, T.;Trzeciak, B. A.;Tsai, O. D.;Tu, Z.;Ullrich, T.;Underwood, D. G.;Upsal, I.;Van Buren, G.;Vanek, J.;Vasiliev, A. N.;Vassiliev, I.;Verkest, V.;Videbæk, F.;Vokal, S.;Voloshin, S. A.;Wang, F.;Wang, G.;Wang, J. S.;Wang, P.;Wang, X.;Wang, Y.;Wang, Y.;Wang, Z.;Webb, J. C.;Weidenkaff, P. C.;Wen, L.;Westfall, G. D.;Wieman, H.;Wissink, S. W.;Witt, R.;Wu, J.;Wu, J.;Wu, Y.;Xi, B.;Xiao, Z. G.;Xie, G.;Xie, W.;Xu, H.;Xu, N.;Xu, Q. H.;Xu, Y.;Xu, Z.;Xu, Z.;Yan, G.;Yang, C.;Yang, Q.;Yang, S.;Yang, Y.;Ye, Z.;Ye, Z.;Yi, L.;Yip, K.;Yu, Y.;Zbroszczyk, H.;Zha, W.;Zhang, C.;Zhang, D.;Zhang, J.;Zhang, S.;Zhang, S.;Zhang, X. P.;Zhang, Y.;Zhang, Y.;Zhang, Y.;Zhang, Z. J.;Zhang, Z.;Zhang, Z.;Zhao, J.;Zhou, C.;Zhou, Y.;Zhu, X.;Zurek, M.;Zyzak, M.

2022-01-01

Abstract

We report cumulants of the proton multiplicity distribution from dedicated fixed-target Au+Au collisions at sNN=3.0 GeV, measured by the STAR experiment in the kinematic acceptance of rapidity (y) and transverse momentum (pT) within -0.5<0 and 0.4<2.0 GeV/c. In the most central 0%–5% collisions, a proton cumulant ratio is measured to be C4/C2=-0.85±0.09 (stat)±0.82 (syst), which is 2σ below the Poisson baseline with respect to both the statistical and systematic uncertainties. The hadronic transport UrQMD model reproduces our C4/C2 in the measured acceptance. Compared to higher energy results and the transport model calculations, the suppression in C4/C2 is consistent with fluctuations driven by baryon number conservation and indicates an energy regime dominated by hadronic interactions. These data imply that the QCD critical region, if created in heavy-ion collisions, could only exist at energies higher than 3 GeV.

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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11770/334092

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Measurements of Proton High-Order Cumulants in sqrt(s_NN)=3 GeV Au+Au Collisions and Implications for the QCD Critical Point

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2022-01-01

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