Transversal joining of multi-leaf masonry through different types of connector: Experimental and theoretical investigation

The masonry building heritage consists of a large variety of masonry typologies. Often, apparent thick-walls are frequently made up of a multi-leaf structure. In this case, the structural thickness of the load-bearing wall is much less significant than the geometrical one, thus manifestations of the leafs-separation may easily occur when leafs transversal connections (e.g. diatones) are completely absent or inadequate. In order to avoid this deleterious phenomenon, commercially available connectors are commonly utilized. The main aim of the research is to investigate the ability of different types of connector of joining a Multi-Leaf Masonry (MLM) and, at the same time, improving the shear bearing capacity of the wall. In this perspective, an experimental campaign was conducted on small-scale MLM-panels, separated by a poor-resistant inner-core. At this scope natural stone diatones, fiberglass ropes, steel-base ropes, L-shaped glass and steel-helix were used to join MLMs. Thus, the shear tests were performed. Finally, an MLM, strengthened by a Glass Fibres-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) was also tested for a further comparison. It was found that, depending on the type used, the transversal connections effectively improved the strength of the specimen. Lastly, an empirical model was herein proposed and validated.