Combined use of the Gordon's Functional Health Pattern Framework, and the Herdman & Kamitsuru Clinical Reasoning Model to develop planning and reasoning skills of nursing students: an Italian educational experience

Introduction: The Bachelor Nursing degree course of Perugia University adopted since 2020 the Functional Health Pattern Assessment Framework by Marjory Gordon and the Clinical Reasoning Model developed by Shigemi Kamitsuru in 2009 as re-proposed by T. Heather Herdman and Shigemi Kamitsuru in 2018 to guide nursing students in nursing assessment, diagnostic reasoning and identification of the relationships between Nursing Diagnoses, Nursing Outcomes and Nursing Interventions according the Standardized Nursing Languages (SNLs): NANDA-I, NOC and NIC. Study/project aim/s: The aim is to evaluate the coherence of nursing students' care planning with the Gordon’s Functional Health Pattern and Herdman & Kamitsuru Clinical Reasoning Model in identifying the NANDA-I Nursing Diagnosis Components, NOC indicators and NIC activities, as well as their relationships. Methods: From June to October 2022, 480 nursing students carried out 4 monthly internships at 178 hospital services / departments and territorial and home services of a large local health company of Umbria (Italy) and the Regional University Hospital of Perugia. For each internship period, each student has developed a care plan for a clinical case emblematic of their internship, using Gordon's Functional Health Pattern Framework, and Kamitsuru's Clinical Reasoning Model. Results: Two teachers will analyze based on clinical case data 1920 care plans developed by students and uploaded to the Moodle - Open-source learning platform, regarding the prioritizing, the correct identification of nursing diagnoses components (Defining Characteristics, Risk Factors, Related Factors, At-Risk Populations, and Associated Conditions), the choice of NOCs and outcomes indicators, and the selection of NICs and related activities. The results will be analyzed through descriptive and correlational analyzes. Conclusions: We trust that the educational approach based on the division of 267 nursing diagnoses by 4 type (Problem-Focused Nursing Diagnosis, Health Promotion Nursing Diagnosis, Nursing Risk Diagnosis, Syndrome) in 11 Functional Health Pattern of Gordon and the use of the Clinical Reasoning Model of Kamitsuru can improve the diagnostic and reasoning skills of nursing students.