Combined use of the Clinical Reasoning Model by Herdman & Kamitsuru and NANDA-NOC-NIC standardized nursing languages to develop clinical decision making of nursing students: an Italian educational experience

The Clinical Reasoning Model developed by Kamitsuru in 2009 (repurposed by Herdman & Kamitsuru in 2018) represents an educational strategy to guide nursing students in diagnostic reasoning and identifying relationships between Nursing Diagnoses, Outcomes and Interventions according to the standardized nursing languages: NANDA-I, NOC and NIC. With the aim to evaluate the coherence of nursing students' care planning with the Gordon’s Functional Health Pattern and Herdman & Kamitsuru Clinical Reasoning Model in identifying the NANDA-I Nursing Diagnosis Components, NOC indicators and NIC activities, as well as their relationships, two teachers will analyze 1920 care plans based on clinical case data during 4 monthly internship experiences by 500 nursing students at 178 hospital services/departments and home services of a large local health company of Umbria and the Regional University Hospital of Perugia (Italy). The results will be analyzed through descriptive and correlational analysis. We trust that the educational approach based on the division of nursing diagnoses by type (Problem-Focused Nursing Diagnosis, Health Promotion Nursing Diagnosis, Nursing Risk Diagnosis, Syndrome) in Functional Health Pattern of Gordon, the use of Kamitsuru Clinical Reasoning Model and the standardized nursing languages (NANDA-I, NOC and NIC) can improve the diagnostic and clinical reasoning of nursing students.